- 能力
- のうりょく
ability
faculty* * *のうりょく【能力】〔能, 器量, ちから, 才能〕*ability〖U〗(実際に物事ができる)〔…の〕能力, 才能, 手腕, 実力, 力量〔in, for, at〕;[通例 the/an ~ to do] …できる能力《◆ ability of doing もあるが現在では ability to do が普通》a man of ordinary ability 人並みの能力の持ち主
overestimate her ability 彼女の能力を買いかぶる
Promotion depends on ability. 昇進は能力次第である
He stands alone in his ability to solve the problem. その問題を解決する能力では彼にかなうものはいない
the ability to read English 英語を読む能力.
*capacity〖C〗〖U〗[しばしば a ~] (潜在的な)能力, 才能;[the [a] ~ for doing/to do] (将来の可能性も含めて)…できる能力a capacity for hard work 重労働に耐えられる能力
continue at capacity 生産能力を持続する[が落ちない].
*faculty〖C〗《正式》[単数形で]〔…の/…する〕(ある分野の先天的・後天的な)才能, 力〔for, of/for[of] doing〕《◆芸術的才能をいう talent, gift に対し, 知的才能・如才なさなどをさす》the faculty of speech 言語能力
(the) absence of faculties 能力の不足.
competence〖U〗《正式》〔…する/…に必要な〕能力, 力量;〔…する/…の〕適性〔to do/for, in〕(⇔incompetence)his competence in coping with a problem 彼の問題処理能力
his competence to drive [for driving] 彼の運転能力.
capability〖U〗〖C〗〔…の〕能力, 才能〔for〕;[the ~ of [in] doing/to do] …できる能力, 才能, 手腕《◆ capacity より堅い語》have the capability of dealing [the capability to deal] with difficult problems 難問を処理する能力がある.
*power〖U〗〖C〗〔…する/…に向かう〕(潜在的・実行)力, 能力〔to do, ofdoing/ for〕《◆内に秘めた力(strength), 外に出た力(force)などを含む》locomotive power 運動能力.
▲It is a cut above me. それはぼくの能力を越えている
a gift of prophecy 予言能力
Man alone has the gift of speech. 人間だけに言語能力がある.
* * *のうりょく【能力】1 〔物事をする力〕 ability; capacity; capability; faculty; competency; power(s).●ぬきんでた能力 outstanding capacities [abilities, faculties]
・仕事に対する能力 one's competence for a task
・教員としての能力 one's capacity [abilities, competence, capabilities] as a teacher
・機械の能力 the capacity of a machine.
●能力別にクラスを編成する group 《children》 into different classes according to ability; 《米》 track [《英》 stream] 《children》 into different classes (according to ability).
●…する能力がある be able to do; be capable of doing; be competent for 《a job》; 《口》 have it in one to do; be up to 《a job》
・…する能力がない be unable to do; be incapable of doing; be not competent for 《a job》; 《口》 do not have it in one to do; be not up to 《the work》.
●このエアコンの能力では 10 畳の部屋は十分温められません. This air conditioner isn't strong enough to heat a ten-mat room.
●彼らには能力に応じた中等教育を施すべきである. They should be provided with a secondary education suited to their abilities.
・犬は臭いを嗅ぎ分ける能力に優れている. Dogs have a superlative ability to distinguish smells.
●能力のある able; capable; competent
・能力のある人 a person of great competence [ability]; a competent [capable] person
・彼らには能力の違いがある. They differ in ability [competence].
・今回はつくづく能力の限界を知った. I really realized the limits to my ability this time. | It really came home to me on this occasion how little ability I have.
●チーターは地上で最も速く走る能力を持っている. Cheetahs can run [are capable of running] faster than any other terrestrial animals.
・この車はずば抜けた加速能力を備えています. This car has outstanding acceleration.
・自分の能力を最大限伸ばしたい[開発したい]. I want to develop my abilities [faculties] to the full.
・能力を発揮する display [exhibit] one's ability; exercise one's faculties
・能力を仕事に生かす show [display] one's ability in one's work
・その工場は全能力をあげて操業している. The factory is working [running] at full capacity.
●私は君の能力以上のことを望んでいるわけではない. I'm not asking you to do anything (that) you're not capable of [(that's) beyond your abilities].
・国民はそんな重税を負担する能力はない. The people cannot [are not in a position to] bear such heavy taxation.
2 【法】 〔それを行うのに必要な資格〕 (a) (legal) capacity; competence.運動能力 capacity for [power(s) of] locomotion.刑罰能力 =犯罪能力.権利能力 【法】 the capacity of enjoyment of rights.行為能力 【法】 capacity; competence.支払い能力 solvency; the ability to pay 《one's debts》.事務能力 administrative competence; business ability; a talent for office work.●事務能力の欠けている be no good at office work; not have the capacity [any talent] for administration.
生活能力 one's [the] ability to make a living.生産能力 productive capacity; productivity; (an) ability to produce 《crops》.積載能力 a carrying [loading, load] capacity.●そのトラックの積載能力 the load capacity of the truck.
潜在能力 a latent faculty; a potential capacity; (a) potential.知的能力 intellectual [mental] faculties; brain power.犯罪能力 criminal competence.予知能力 the power [ability] to foresee the future.能力開発 development of potential [ability].能力課税説 the ability theory of taxation.能力給 performance-based pay; efficiency wages; pay based on performance.能力者 〔法律上の〕 a competent person; a person with the (legal) competence [capacity] 《to do》.能力主義 a merit system; a meritocracy.●能力主義社会 a meritocracy.
能力テスト a competence test; competence testing.能力別学級編成 ability grouping; grouping by [according to] ability; 《米》 tracking; 《英》 streaming.
Japanese-English dictionary. 2013.